Cure and reinfection patterns of geohelminthic infections after treatment in communities inhabiting the tropical rainforest of Assam, India.

Mass de-worming targeted at socio-economically poor communities can be considered as an option for communities living in the tropical forests of Assam who do not have access to safe drinking water and proper sanitation, and consequently have a higher risk of suffering from geohelminthic infection and associated morbidity. A random sample of 265 subjects was included in this study (134 males and 131 females). The chemotherapeutic regimen followed was a single dose of albendazole 400 mg. Stools samples were collected in 10% formol-saline for detection of infection before treatment. Post-treatment stool samples were collected 10 to 14 days after treatment to determine the cure rate. Stool samples were again collected 3 to 6 months post-treatment to study the rate of reinfection. Multiple logistic regression was used to find possible associations between age, sex and treatment failure. The chi-square test was used wherever appropriate. The cure rates for Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms were 70.8%, 68.7% and 93.0%, respectively. Logistic regression revealed that age was associated with treatment failure in A. lumbricoides infection. Re-infection rates after 3 months of successful treatment were 19.6% for A. lumbricoides, 30.9% for T. trichiura and 11.3% for hookworms. Six months post-treatment, the prevalence of re-infection was highest with T. trichiura (43.6%); followed by A. lumbricoides (35.3%). The rate of reinfection with hookworms was lower (11.3%) six months post-treatment. The rates of re-infection with A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura was higher in children below 15 years of age, compared with adults. Hookworm reinfection was higher in the adult age group (15 to 39 years). The rates of new infection in previously uninfected subjects were lower compared with the rates for re-infection.

Effect of albendazole and mebendazole on soil-transmitted helminth eggs.

Primary school children from Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand, on endemic area of soil-transmitted helminths, were selected for study. The infected children were divided into two groups and pair-matched according to intensity of infections: group I were given albendazole (400mg) single dose and group II were given mebendazole (100mg) twice daily for 3 days. On the day following treatment, the number of Trichuris eggs in the stool markedly increased and the egg shape was also altered. These phenomena did not occur in Ascaris infections since 100% cure rate were obtained using both drugs. Incomplete ovicidal effect of the drugs to Trichuris and Ascaris eggs were demonstrated, embryos were observed to develop within the treated eggs and they hatched after feeding them to experimental animals. In hookworm infection, albendazole stimulated the females to release more eggs after medication, but both drugs showed complete ovicidal effect upon examining the eggs from the second bowel movement.

Efficacy and safety of mebendazole in children with worm infestation

Children aged between 2-16 years, were screened for worm infestation. Fifty-five children fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. They were treated with mebendazole 100 mg twice daily for three consecutive days and followed-up for 15 days to assess cure rate and side effects. Fifty children completed the study with their stools being tested by direct smear and concentration methods and blood CBC done before treatment and at the end of the study. The cure rate for ascaris was 100% and for trichuris 75%. The drug was well tolerated and apart from mild diarrhoea occurring in 22% children, no untoward effects were reported. Nemazole [mebendazole] has shown promise and seems useful in treating children with worm infestation

Estudio de dosis única de mebendazol para el tratamiento de Trichuris trichiura y Nécator americanus en campañas de control quimioterapetico en las comunidades / Study of single mebendazole dosages in the management of Trichuris trichiura and Necator americanus in chemotherapeutic control campaigns in the community

Se realiza un estudio de parasitismo intestinal en la comunidad "Argelia Libre", de la Isla de la Juventud, mediante el uso de 4 técnicas coproparasitológicas: Kato Katz, Ritchie, Directo y willis. Se dividen los pacientes con geohelmintos en 2 grupos de tratamiento: el grupo A, el cula se trató con 500 mg de mebendazol en dosis única, y el grupo B, con el esquema clásico de 100 mg cada 12 horas por 3 días. Se expresan los resultados del tratamiento en tasas de curación y porcentaje de reducción del conteo de huevos. Al comparar el esquema A con el B, no se encontraron diferencias significativas (p > 0.05). Debido a su más bajo costo y su más fácil administración, se recomienda el esquema de dosis única para el tratamiento quimioterapéutico masivo de las geohelmintiasis en las comunidades

Tratamento das parasitoses intestinais por nematelmintos com albendazol: análise de 74 casos / Treatment of intestinal parasitical diseases by nematodes with albendazol: analysis of 74 cases

Os autores descrevem sua experiência com albendazol no tratamento de 74 pacientes com parasitoses intestinais por nematelmintos. Eles concluem que o albendazol tem grande eficácia e é uma droga bem tolerada. Ele deve ser preferido especialmente quando um ou mais nematelmintos estäo associados ao Strongyloides stercoralis.

Estudio comparativo de flubendazol, oxantel-pirantel, albendazol y mebendazol en el tratamiento de helmintos transmitidos por el suelo / Comparative study of flubendazol, oxantel-pirantel, albendazol and mebendazol in treatment of helminths transmited by the soil

Se trataron 141 personas que tenian infeccion por Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura o Necator americanus. Las drogas empleadas fueron: Flubendazol, con tres dosificaciones: 500 mg dosis unica; 300 mg/dia por 2 dias; y 200 mg/dia por 3 dias. Oxantel-Pirantel, 400 mg de cada una en dosis unica o 600 mg de cada una, tambien en dosis unica. Mebendazol con tres dosificaciones: 500 mg dosis unica; 300 mg/dia por 2 dias; y 200 mg/dia por tres dias. Los resultados indican que todas las drogas empleadas tuvieron una efectividad para el tratamiento de la ascariasis con una curacion entre el 84.6 y el 100% y un porcentaje de reduccion del 88.5 al 100%. El flubendazol a la dosis de 300 mg/dia por 2 dias fue la droga mas efectiva para la tricocefalosis y la uncinariasis, curacion y reduccion de huevos del 100% para ambas. Todas las drogas fueron bien toleradas y casi no se observaron efectos secundarios. Si se requeire una droga para tratamientos en masa con dosis unica, se debe seleccionar el flubendazol, a la dosis de 500 mg; con ella se cubren los tres helmintos con una alta efectividad.

Eficacia a los seis meses de diferentes esquemas terapeuticos de mebendazol en las infecciones por A. lumbricoides, ancylostomidae SP y T. trichiura en niños de edad escolar / Efficacy after 6 months of different therapeutic schedules of mebendazole in infections by A. lumbricoides, Ancylostomidae sp and T. trichiura in school children

En una investigación prospectiva con grupo control llevada a cabo en 386 escolares de un barrio periférico de la ciudad de Santa Cruz, se evidenció la eficacia del mebendazol sobre la reducción a los seis meses de las cargas parasitarias para Ancylostomidae sp. y T. trichiura, mientras que no se observó tal efecto para A. lumbricoides. El resultado fue similar entre el esquema clásico (3 x 2 tab. de 100 mg) y el de la dosis única de 300 mg. (3 tab.)